Conveyor belt deviation is a common problem during the use of conveyors, even though the machine has been tested and adjusted at the factory. In order to solve this problem, we first need to deeply analyze the possible causes and take corresponding elimination measures. The following are several possible reasons for conveyor belt deviation and corresponding adjustment methods:
1. Conveyor belt extension causes deviation
When the conveyor belt is extended, it needs to be properly tensioned to prevent deviation. At this time, the tension balance on both sides should be re-adjusted. Note that during the adjustment process, the conveyor belt should be gently moved and the adjustment effect should be observed in real time to prevent the belt side from being squeezed on the frame and damaging the belt edge or the belt from getting stuck. If this happens, the tensioning device needs to be completely loosened, and the conveyor belt needs to be manually pulled back to the middle position.
2. Unbalanced tensioning
If the tension on both sides of the conveyor belt is not balanced, it will also cause deviation. At this time, the tensioning device should be re-adjusted to ensure balance on both sides.
3. Loose or falling belt clamps
Check whether the conveyor belt clamps are loose or falling off. If so, they need to be replaced in time.
4. V-type roller side bracket displacement
If the V-type roller side bracket is displaced by accidental impact, it will also affect the normal operation of the conveyor belt. At this time, the position of the side bracket should be readjusted.
5. Frame deformation
The frame may be deformed after a severe impact, causing the conveyor belt to deviate. Once such a situation is found, the conveyor belt should be readjusted as a whole.
6. Severe wear of the conveyor belt
If the conveyor belt is severely worn, it will also cause deviation. At this time, a new conveyor belt should be replaced in time.
For the problem of conveyor belt deviation, we can take the following adjustment methods:
Tension balance adjustment: First, recalibrate the tensioning devices on both sides to ensure balance. During the adjustment process, the conveyor belt needs to be gently moved and observed in real time to prevent the belt side from being squeezed on the frame. If this happens, the tensioning device should be completely loosened and the conveyor belt should be manually returned to the middle position.
Belt card inspection and replacement: Check whether the belt card of the conveyor belt is loose or detached. If there is a problem, replace it in time.
Calibration of the side bracket of the V-type roller: If the side bracket of the V-type roller is displaced due to an accidental impact, its position should be recalibrated to ensure the stable operation of the conveyor belt.
Frame deformation treatment: If the frame is deformed due to an impact, the conveyor belt needs to be readjusted as a whole to eliminate the deviation phenomenon.
Replacement of severely worn conveyor belts: For severely worn conveyor belts, they should be replaced with new belts in time to ensure the normal operation of the conveyor.
7. Adjust the tensioning mechanism
When the belt deviates to the same side when it is unloaded and loaded, it usually means that the tightness of the two sides of the belt is inconsistent. According to the principle of "running tight but not loose", we need to adjust the screw or counterweight of the tensioning mechanism to balance the tension on both sides. If the belt sways left and right and deviates in no fixed direction, it may be due to the looseness of the belt. At this time, the tensioning mechanism also needs to be adjusted.
8. Adjust the roller
If the belt deviates at the roller, this is often because the roller is not installed horizontally, or there is axial movement of the roller, or even one end of the roller is high and the other end is low. To address these issues, we need to correct the horizontality and parallelism of the rollers.
9. Adjust the roller bracket (or rack)
When the belt always deviates to one side when unloaded, we can correct this problem by slightly moving the roller bracket on the deviated side along the running direction of the belt, or appropriately raising the roller bracket (or rack) on the other side.
3. Remove adhered materials: If materials are stuck to certain parts of the drum or roller, the diameter of these parts will increase, which will increase the tension of the belt at that place and eventually cause deviation. Therefore, these adhered materials need to be removed regularly to ensure smooth belt conveying.
10. Gravity adjustment method
If the belt performs normally when unloaded, but always deviates to one side when heavily loaded, this usually means that the belt is overloaded. At this time, the position of the hopper or belt conveyor should be adjusted to ensure that the belt can be evenly loaded to prevent deviation.
11. Tape adjustment method
If the edge of the tape is significantly worn or the tape seams are not parallel, it will cause unbalanced tension on both sides. In this case, the belt needs to be trimmed or replaced to restore its normal tension distribution.
12. Installing deviation-adjusting rollers
After installing two sets of self-aligning rollers (flat rollers or grooved rollers) on the conveyor, they can automatically correct the deviation of the belt. For example, when the belt deviates and contacts the small stop roller on one side, the position can be adjusted by moving the bracket on that side so that the other side moves backward relatively. In this way, the belt will move in the direction of the stop roller moving backward until it returns to its normal position.
13. Installing limit rollers
If the belt continues to deviate to one side, a limit vertical roller can be installed on the frame on that side. In this way, the vertical roller will not only force the belt to reset, but also promote the belt to move to the other side by reducing the tension on the deviated side.
14. Automatic deviation correction device method
Installing an automatic deviation correction device on the conveyor can effectively prevent the belt from deviating. This type of device can monitor and automatically adjust the position of the belt in real time to ensure that it is always conveyed along the correct path.
Possible reasons include:
Belt joint problem: If the belt joint is not properly handled, it may cause the joint to be out of line with the original belt, which may cause deviation.
Drum cleaning: Check the rollers at both ends of the belt to ensure that there is no debris attached, as this will also affect the normal operation of the belt.
Drum shaft bending: Check whether the roller shaft is bent. Shaft deformation may also cause the belt to deviate.
Precautions:
Belt deviation is one of the common faults of belt conveyors. Timely and appropriate handling is crucial because it is related to the safe and stable operation of the conveyor. In the face of different deviation phenomena and causes, corresponding adjustment measures should be taken to effectively solve the problem.
